Ethereum's FFG Turns Out to Be Tendermint
I recently noticed that Ethereum’s FFG closely resembles Tendermint, even though the two protocols are described in quite different ways.
Blogs
Originally written in Chinese. See Zhihu.
Why Permissionless Consensus Needs a Physical Global Clock
This note shares a few views on the role of Proof-of-X (PoX) in permissionless consensus. Among the three PoX schemes discussed here, PoW and PoH each construct a physical clock...
Why Does HotStuff Need Four Rounds?
PBFT View Change, Two-Chain HotStuff, and the Role of the Fourth Round
How Can Crypto Truly Prosper?
Monad has recently received substantial attention. I did not track carefully whether the discussion was about its testnet or mainnet. The important point is the surrounding narr...
A Roadmap for Understanding Blockchain Consensus
This note summarizes several assumptions and modules that are useful when learning blockchain consensus. Consensus protocols differ not only in their algorithms. They also diffe...
As a Blockchain Researcher, We Are Close to Crypto and Far From It
This note is not investment advice.
What Is Gas and Why Does Blockchain Need It?
Gas is a resource-pricing mechanism. It assigns a cost to the resources consumed by a transaction, such as computation, storage, and bandwidth. The user pays for these resources...
On Tokenized Stocks and Crypto-Stock Platforms
Several platforms now provide stock exposure through crypto rails. Robinhood and Kraken appear to have relatively organic usage. One reason is simple: they are not constantly pr...